Original Article ㅣ 2025-02-28 0 150 81

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Abstract : Chronic degenerative atrioventricular valve disease, particularly myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD), is the leading cause of heart failure in dogs. It significantly affects platelet function, especially under high shear stress, as well as potentially alters platelet activation and reactivity. Platelets are vital for coagulation and inflammation, and their function can be assessed using the Platelet Function Analyzer-200 (PFA-200), which simulates in vivo conditions. This study aimed to investigate the differences in closure time—measured using the PFA-200—in dogs with MMVD, with a focus on the impact of cardiac remodeling. The dogs were classified into the control, stage B1, stage B2, and stage C groups according to the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine (ACVIM) guidelines. They were further categorized into the non-cardiac remodeling (normal, MMVD stage B1) and cardiac remodeling groups (MMVD stages B2 and C) based on cardiac remodeling status. Significant differences were found in the closure times of collagen-adenosine diphosphate (C/ADP) and collagen-epinephrine (C/EPI) between the non-cardiac and cardiac remodeling groups. Additionally, both closure times demonstrated a moderate positive correlation with the left atrial to aortic root ratio. Thus, assessing the closure times of C/ADP and C/EPI may provide valuable information for monitoring and staging MMVD in dogs.

Original Article ㅣ 2025-02-28 0 233 101

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Abstract : This retrospective study aims to evaluate the clinical outcomes of tracheal stent placement in dogs with tracheal collapse, identifying factors associated with success rates and adverse effects. Thirty-one dogs treated with intraluminal self-expanding nitinol stents for tracheal collapse at Smart Animal Hospital from 2018 to 2023 were analyzed. The investigation focused on median follow-up time (MFT), clinical outcomes, and factors affecting success and complications, including age at the time of stent placement, presence of stent-related complications, and concurrent bronchial collapse. The average follow-up time was 592 days, ranging from 35 to 2,189 days. As of December 31, 2023, 11 dogs were alive, 10 had died, and 10 were lost to follow-up. Excluding those lost to follow-up, 80% survived more than a year post-procedure. Yorkshire Terriers were the most common breed, followed by Pomeranians. The average age at the time of stent placement was around 9 years, with an average body weight of approximately 3 kg. There were no notable differences in MFT across age groups, indicating that age at the time of stent placement did not significantly affect survival outcomes. Postoperative outcomes were categorized as "Good" in 51.6% of cases, "Fair" in 32.3%, and "Poor" in 16.1%. Complications, including stent fracture, malposition, and migration, were observed in 23% of the dogs. The majority (83.9%) had concurrent bronchial collapse, which correlated with certain complications but did not significantly affect MFT. Overall, tracheal stent placement is a viable treatment option for canine tracheal collapse, demonstrating significant survival rates and manageable complications. This study underscores the importance of comprehensive postoperative monitoring and highlights the need for further research to optimize treatment strategies and improve patient outcomes in veterinary medicine.

Original Article ㅣ 2025-02-28 0 117 86

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Abstract : The purpose of this study is to examine the market and usage status of veterinary orthopedic materials, and to propose revisions to the standards and specifications for these materials. A survey of 153 animal hospitals indicated that knee and fracture surgeries are the most common, utilizing products such as fracture fixation plates and surgical drills extensively. Nevertheless, due to the limited availability of animal-specific options, many hospitals resort to using orthopedic products designed for humans, raising concerns about their suitability and safety. A substantial portion of hospitals (42.5%) utilize human products because of their lower cost and perceived effectiveness. Moreover, 93 hospitals reported difficulties with the use of human orthopedic products due to the absence of animal-specific reference values, underscoring the necessity for appropriate guidelines. The supplier survey revealed a concentration on producing or importing vital products like screws and plates; however, inconsistencies in safety testing were observed. The study underscores the critical need to develop orthopedic devices specific to animals, establish veterinary reference values, and standardize safety assessments across the industry. These enhancements are vital to improve the safety, efficacy, and availability of veterinary orthopedic products, ultimately enhancing treatment outcomes for animals.

Case Report ㅣ 2025-02-28 0 141 71

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Abstract : A 7-year-old, 2.6 kg, spayed female Maltese dog was referred for suspected congenital heart disease. The clinical signs included tachypnea, mild exercise intolerance, and cyanosis. Following echocardiography, the dog was diagnosed with a transitional atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD). The dog was also diagnosed with pulmonary hypertension due to congenital heart disease, which was likely secondary to volume overload caused by a large atrial septal defect. Management solely with sildenafil alone has produced favorable outcomes. This case report discusses transitional AVSD from the perspectives of terminology and embryology.

Case Report ㅣ 2025-02-28 0 109 64

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Abstract : A 16-year-old neutered, male poodle presented with a large, hard mass in the dorsal perineal area. Computed tomography revealed a massive soft-tissue attenuated mass with multiple calcifications located in the anus, compressing the rectum. The huge mass, originating from the anal sphincter and distal part of the rectum, was completely surgically removed. Immunohistochemistry revealed that neoplastic cells were positive for alpha-smooth muscle actin and negative for c-Kit. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry confirmed well-differentiated leiomyosarcoma originating from the anal sphincter. The patient has shown a good treatment outcome and prognosis, with no significant postoperative complications or recurrence since the surgery during the 1-year follow-up period to date. To our knowledge, this is the first published report of a canine anorectal leiomyosarcoma that includes a computed tomographic investigation. CT imaging enabled successful preoperative assessment of the size, extent, and metastatic status of the anal mass, proving valuable for surgical planning and prognosis evaluation.

Case Report ㅣ 2025-02-28 0 126 69

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Abstract : Non-union fractures represent a challenge in veterinary orthopedics. Traditional methods, such as autograft are commonly used but come with limitations, including donor site morbidity and restricted graft material. In this case report, a 2-year-old Maltese presented with a viable hypertrophic non-union femoral fracture. Surgical intervention involved the application of a custom-designed 3D-printed titanium scaffold combined with rh-BMP2, a potent osteoinductive agent, to stimulate bone regeneration. Additionally, a double plating technique was utilized to ensure robust mechanical stabilization. Postoperative assessments through radiographic imaging and computed tomography (CT) scans taken 6 months post operation confirmed successful bone union. This case highlights the advantages of integrating cutting-edge technology, such as 3D-printed titanium scaffolds, rh-BMP2 and double plating into non-union fracture management protocols.

Case Report ㅣ 2025-02-28 0 123 67

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Abstract : A 7-year-old, 4.6 kg spayed female Korean short hair cat presented for health screening with occasional vomiting but had no significant medical history or remarkable clinical symptoms. Radiographic examination revealed bifurcation of the proximal part of the right 9th rib, extending into the caudo-ventral direction of the thoracic cavity without abnormalities in the vertebrae or other organs. This report highlights the importance of understanding radiographic findings and discusses the clinical significance of bifid ribs in veterinary medicine, especially during surgical procedures and trauma management. Advanced diagnostic imaging, including computed tomography, could provide potential valuable insights for detecting such rib anomalies and evaluating their significance. It is crucial that these types of rib anomalies are properly diagnosed in practice to ensure effective treatment and management. Further research into the genetic or developmental factors associated with rib anomalies in veterinary patients is recommended.

Case Report ㅣ 2025-02-28 0 107 82

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Abstract : A 2-year-old, 5.0 kg Maltese and Poodle mix-breed dog underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for neurological assessment under general anesthesia. During transport, a disconnection from the breathing circuit led to premature awakening, causing the dog to bite through its endotracheal tube and resulting in the formation of a tracheal foreign body. Emergency bronchoscopy was performed, successfully removed the tube fragment without complications. This case highlights the risks of rapid awakening during anesthesia, which may lead to complications such as endotracheal tube fragment dislodgement and potential airway obstruction.

Case Report ㅣ 2025-02-28 0 119 60

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Abstract : A 4-year-old thoroughbred mare was referred to the Jeju National University Equine Hospital as it exhibited stallion-like behavior and was unmanageable during training. A transrectal ultrasound revealed an enlarged left ovary. We decided on a standing laparoscopic ovariectomy through the left flank. Three portals were positioned to permit triangulation for optimal visualization with minimal incisions. The enlarged ovary was resected successfully. Histological examination confirmed the presence of a fibroma. The mare recovered without complications and returned to racing within 3 months post-surgery. The successful outcome seen in this mare indicates that laparoscopic surgery has multiple advantages, including faster recovery times and minimal scarring. This approach is recommended for mares presenting with ovarian fibromas, particularly those intended for a future career in athletics.

Case Report ㅣ 2025-02-28 0 148 69

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Abstract : This case report highlights the significance of pre-operative screening for congenital anomalies such as uterine horn aplasia and renal agenesis in cats undergoing elective ovariohysterectomy (OHE), which may induce or exacerbate postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI). An eight-month-old female mixed-breed cat was presented for an elective ovariohysterectomy. The absence of a left kidney with left-sided segmental uterine aplasia was observed in the cat during the OHE procedure. AKI was diagnosed on postoperative day (POD) 1, characterized by renal enlargement and abnormal levels of renal function parameters on blood tests. After treatment renal function blood tests normalised on POD 12. This case underscores the necessity of pre-operative screening for renal agenesis in cats undergoing OHE to prevent and manage potential postoperative AKI. Identifying such congenital anomalies can improve surgical planning and postoperative care, and ultimately improving patient outcomes.